{"id":2260,"date":"2024-12-02T19:53:50","date_gmt":"2024-12-02T11:53:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/choozseo.com\/blog\/lecture\/diversity-and-importance-of-fish-taxonomy\/"},"modified":"2024-12-02T19:53:50","modified_gmt":"2024-12-02T11:53:50","slug":"diversity-and-importance-of-fish-taxonomy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/choozseo.com\/blog\/lecture\/diversity-and-importance-of-fish-taxonomy\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9b5a\u985e\u5206\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u8207\u91cd\u8981\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u9b5a\u985e\u5b78\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\uff1aIchthyology\uff09\u662f\u52d5\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6db5\u84cb\u4e86\u786c\u9aa8\u9b5a\uff08Osteichthyes\uff09\u3001\u8edf\u9aa8\u9b5a\uff08Chondrichthyes\uff0c\u5982\u9bca\u9b5a\u548c\u9b5f\u9b5a\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u7121\u984e\u9b5a\uff08Agnatha\uff09\u3002\u9019\u9580\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u95dc\u6ce8\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u5916\u5f62\u3001\u578b\u614b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5167\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u5b78\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8fa8\u8a8d\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u578b\u5225\u7684\u9b5a\u985e\u3002\u900f\u904e\u5c0d\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u5206\u985e\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u80fd\u5920\u6df1\u5165\u77ad\u89e3\u5176\u751f\u614b\u8207\u4fdd\u8b77\u7b49\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u70ba\u53ef\u6301\u7e8c\u6f01\u696d\u548c\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u8ca2\u737b\u529b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u986f\u793a\/\u96b1\u85cf\u5167\u5bb9\u76ee\u9304\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/choozseo.com\/blog\/lecture\/diversity-and-importance-of-fish-taxonomy\/#%E9%AD%9A%E9%A1%9E%E7%9A%84%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E\" >\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u5206\u985e<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/choozseo.com\/blog\/lecture\/diversity-and-importance-of-fish-taxonomy\/#%E9%AD%9A%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B8%E5%90%8D%E8%88%87%E5%AD%B8%E8%A1%93%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6\" >\u9b5a\u985e\u5b78\u540d\u8207\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/choozseo.com\/blog\/lecture\/diversity-and-importance-of-fish-taxonomy\/#%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E9%AD%9A%E9%A1%9E%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B8%E7%9A%84%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95\" >\u73fe\u4ee3\u9b5a\u985e\u5206\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/choozseo.com\/blog\/lecture\/diversity-and-importance-of-fish-taxonomy\/#%E9%AD%9A%E9%A1%9E%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B8%E7%9A%84%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90%E6%84%8F%E7%BE%A9\" >\u9b5a\u985e\u5206\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u610f\u7fa9<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/choozseo.com\/blog\/lecture\/diversity-and-importance-of-fish-taxonomy\/#%E7%B5%90%E8%AB%96\" >\u7d50\u8ad6<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/choozseo.com\/blog\/lecture\/diversity-and-importance-of-fish-taxonomy\/#%E5%B8%B8%E8%A6%8B%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C\" >\u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%AD%9A%E9%A1%9E%E7%9A%84%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E\"><\/span>\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u5206\u985e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u5206\u985e\u662f\u6839\u64da\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u4f86\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u5916\u90e8\u5f62\u614b\u3001\u5167\u90e8\u5668\u5b98\u69cb\u9020\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u74b0\u5883\u53ca\u5176\u751f\u614b\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u9b5a\u985e\u5b78\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u50b3\u7d71\u4e0a\u6839\u64da\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9b5a\u985e\u7279\u5fb5\u5982\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u53ef\u5426\u98df\u7528\u7b49\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u5283\u5206\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u9b5a\u985e\u5927\u81f4\u5206\u70ba\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u985e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u80fd\u5403\u7684\u9b5a\u8207\u4e0d\u80fd\u5403\u7684\u9b5a<\/strong>\uff1a<br \/>\n \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u9bc9\u9b5a\uff08Cyprinus carpio\uff09\u70ba\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u98df\u7528\u9b5a\uff0c\u800c\u67d0\u4e9b\u6d77\u6d0b\u6bd2\u9b5a\u5247\u4e0d\u5b9c\u98df\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5927\u5c0f\u5206\u985e<\/strong>\uff1a<br \/>\n \u5206\u70ba\u5927\u96bb\u3001\u4e2d\u96bb\u3001\u5c0f\u96bb\u53ca\u8d85\u5c0f\u578b\u9b5a\u985e\u7b49\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5206\u985e\u4fbf\u65bc\u91dd\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42\u9032\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u73fe\u4ee3\u751f\u7269\u5206\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u300c\u9b5a\u7db1\u300d\uff08Pisces\uff09\u9019\u4e00\u5206\u985e\u968e\u5143\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u63a1\u7528\u66f4\u70ba\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5206\u985e\u67b6\u69cb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u754c\u3001\u9580\u3001\u7db1\u3001\u76ee\u3001\u79d1\u3001\u5c6c\u548c\u7a2e\u7b49\u591a\u500b\u5c64\u7d1a\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\u8b93\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u5206\u985e\u66f4\u52a0\u6e96\u78ba\u4e26\u5177\u5099\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%AD%9A%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B8%E5%90%8D%E8%88%87%E5%AD%B8%E8%A1%93%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6\"><\/span>\u9b5a\u985e\u5b78\u540d\u8207\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u9b5a\u985e\u5b78\u540d\u662f\u9b5a\u985e\u5206\u985e\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6bcf\u7a2e\u9b5a\u985e\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u7368\u7279\u7684\u5b78\u540d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5e36\u9b5a\uff08Trichurus lepturus\uff09\u3001\u9baa\u9b5a\uff08Thunnus spp.\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u4fbf\u65bc\u5b78\u8853\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u4e5f\u65b9\u4fbf\u6f01\u696d\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u73fe\u4eca\u7684\u9b5a\u985e\u5206\u985e\u5b78\u5927\u591a\u9075\u5faa\u62c9\u4e01\u8a9e\u7684\u96d9\u540d\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\uff08binomial nomenclature\uff09\uff0c\u5c07\u9b5a\u985e\u5206\u70ba\u5c6c\u540d\u548c\u7a2e\u540d\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u5316\u547d\u540d\u4f7f\u5f97\u5168\u7403\u5b78\u8853\u754c\u80fd\u5920\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4ea4\u6d41\u8207\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u9b5a\u985e\u5b78\u540d\u8a5e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b78\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u985e\u5225\u53ca\u5176\u7279\u5fb5\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f9d\u64daJ.S. Nelson\u65bc2006\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5206\u985e\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5168\u7403\u9b5a\u985e\u5171\u5206\u70ba67\u500b\u76ee\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u773e\u591a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u9b5a\u985e\u5bb6\u65cf\u548c\u7269\u7a2e\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5206\u985e\u6210\u679c\u4e0d\u50c5\u9ad4\u73fe\u5728\u751f\u614b\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u70ba\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u3001\u98fc\u990a\u53ca\u53ef\u6301\u7e8c\u958b\u767c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7406\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e\u3002<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u5206\u985e\u540d\u7a31<\/th>\n<th>\u5b78\u540d<\/th>\n<th>\u4e2d\u6587\u540d\u7a31<\/th>\n<th>\u751f\u614b\u7279\u5fb5<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5e36\u9b5a<\/td>\n<td>Trichurus lepturus<\/td>\n<td>\u5e36\u9b5a<\/td>\n<td>\u68f2\u606f\u65bc\u6d77\u6d0b\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u50f9\u503c\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9baa\u9b5a<\/td>\n<td>Thunnus spp.<\/td>\n<td>\u9baa\u9b5a<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8\u901f\u6e38\u6cf3\u9b5a\u985e\uff0c\u559c\u611b\u958b\u653e\u6d77\u57df<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9bc9\u9b5a<\/td>\n<td>Cyprinus carpio<\/td>\n<td>\u9bc9\u9b5a<\/td>\n<td>\u6de1\u6c34\u9b5a\u985e\uff0c\u8010\u53d7\u529b\u5f37<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u71d5\u9c3a<\/td>\n<td>Decapterus spp.<\/td>\n<td>\u71d5\u9c3a<\/td>\n<td>\u7fa4\u5c45\u6027\u9b5a\u985e\uff0c\u751f\u9577\u8fc5\u901f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E9%AD%9A%E9%A1%9E%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B8%E7%9A%84%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95\"><\/span>\u73fe\u4ee3\u9b5a\u985e\u5206\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u96a8\u8457\u79d1\u5b78\u6280\u8853\u7684\u9032\u6b65\uff0c\u9b5a\u985e\u5206\u985e\u5b78\u4e5f\u8fce\u4f86\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u57fa\u56e0\u6280\u8853\u7684\u9032\u6b65\u4f7f\u5f97\u9b5a\u985e\u5206\u985e\u7684\u6e96\u78ba\u6027\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u5229\u7528DNA\u5e8f\u5217\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u78ba\u5b9a\u5404\u9b5a\u985e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u89aa\u7de3\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u65b0\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\u4e26\u4fee\u6b63\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u5206\u985e\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u4fdd\u8b77\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u7d71\u3001\u7dad\u8b77\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u767c\u5c55\u53ef\u6301\u7e8c\u6f01\u696d\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u6d77\u6d0b\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u91cd\u8996\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u9b5a\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u4e5f\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5ee3\u6cdb\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u4e0d\u50c5\u95dc\u6ce8\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5206\u985e\uff0c\u9084\u958b\u59cb\u7814\u7a76\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u5c0d\u74b0\u5883\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u4ee5\u53ca\u61c9\u5c0d\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u5c07\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u5236\u5b9a\u66f4\u79d1\u5b78\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6f01\u696d\u7ba1\u7406\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u5168\u7403\u9b5a\u985e\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%AD%9A%E9%A1%9E%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B8%E7%9A%84%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90%E6%84%8F%E7%BE%A9\"><\/span>\u9b5a\u985e\u5206\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u610f\u7fa9<span 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